Kugereranya kugereranya soda ya caustic na soda ivu

Bitandukanye nivu ya soda (sodium karubone, Na2CO3) nubwo yitwa "alkali", ariko mubyukuri ni iyigize imiti yumunyu, kandi soda ya caustic (sodium hydroxide, NaOH) nigishishwa nyacyo mumazi alkali ikomeye, ifite ruswa ikomeye na hygroscopique umutungo.Soda ivu na soda ya caustic byitwa kandi “alkalis ebyiri zo mu nganda”, zombi zikaba ari iz'umunyu n’inganda.Nubwo batandukanye cyane muburyo bwo gutunganya umusaruro nuburyo bwibicuruzwa, guhuza kwabo mumiterere yimiti ituma bisimburwa kurwego runaka mumirima imwe yo hepfo, kandi ibiciro byabo nabyo byerekana isano iri hagati.

1. Uburyo butandukanye bwo gukora

Soda ya Caustic ni iy'urugero rwagati rwa chlor-alkali.Inganda zayo zitanga umusaruro zagiye zisimburwa na electrolysis kuva muburyo bwa caustic mugitangira, amaherezo ihinduka muburyo bwa ionic membrane electrolysis.Byahindutse uburyo nyamukuru bwo gukora soda ya caustic mu Bushinwa, bingana na 99% byuzuye, kandi umusaruro uhuza.Igikorwa cyo gukora ivu rya soda kigabanyijemo uburyo bwa amoniya alkali, uburyo bwa alkali hamwe nuburyo bwa alkali busanzwe, aho uburyo bwa amoniya alkali bugera kuri 49%, uburyo bwa alkali buhwanye bugera kuri 46% naho uburyo bwa alkali busanzwe bugera kuri 5%.Hamwe n'umusaruro wa Trona umushinga wa Yuanxing Energy umwaka utaha, igipimo cya trona kiziyongera.Igiciro ninyungu zuburyo butandukanye bwo gukora soda ivu iratandukanye cyane, muribo igiciro cya trona aricyo gito.

2. Ibyiciro bitandukanye byibicuruzwa

Hariho ubwoko bubiri bwa soda ya caustic ikunze kugaragara kumasoko: soda yamazi na soda ikomeye.Soda y'amazi irashobora kugabanywamo ibice 30% by'amazi, 32% by'amazi, 42% by'amazi, 45% by'amazi na 50% by'amazi ukurikije igice kinini cya hydroxide ya sodium.Ibisobanuro nyamukuru ni 32% na 50%.Kugeza ubu, umusaruro wa alkali yuzuye urenga 80% byuzuye, naho 99% ya soda ya caustic igera kuri 14%.Ivu rya soda rizenguruka ku isoko rigabanyijemo alkali yoroheje na alkali iremereye, byombi bikaba bimeze neza kandi bitandukanijwe ukurikije ubucucike.Ubucucike bwinshi bwa alkali yoroheje ni 500-600kg / m3 naho ubwinshi bwa alkali iremereye ni 900-1000kg / m3.Alkali iremereye igera kuri 50-60%, ukurikije itandukaniro ryibiciro hagati yibi bifite umwanya wo guhindura 10%.

3. Uburyo butandukanye n'inzira zo gutwara abantu

Imiterere itandukanye ituma soda ya caustic na soda ivu bitandukanye muburyo bwo gutwara no muburyo.Ubwikorezi bwamazi ya alkali mubusanzwe bukozwe mu gikamyo gisanzwe cya karubone, amazi ya alkali yibanze arenga 45% cyangwa ibisabwa byujuje ubuziranenge bigomba gukorwa mu gikamyo cya nikel kitagira umuyonga, alkali ikunze gukoreshwa 25 kg ibiro bitatu bya pulasitike yububiko cyangwa indobo y'icyuma.Gupakira no kubika ivu rya soda biroroshye cyane, kandi birashobora gupakirwa mumifuka ibiri yububiko bwa plastike.Nka miti yangiza amazi, alkali yamazi ifite umusaruro muke mukarere kandi ibicuruzwa bigurishwa byibanda mubushinwa bwamajyaruguru nuburasirazuba, naho umusaruro wa alkali ukomoka mu majyaruguru yuburengerazuba bwUbushinwa.Agace gatanga ivu rya soda ugereranije cyane, ariko ahacururizwa haratatanye.Ugereranije na soda, ubwikorezi bwa alkali bwamazi burabujijwe, ibirometero birenga 300 mumodoka.